What is the maximum ABV to which bourbon can be distilled?

Bourbon can be distilled to a maximum alcohol by volume (ABV) of 160 proof, which is equivalent to 80% alcohol by volume. This limit is set to ensure that the distilled spirit retains the character and flavor profile of the grain mixture used in its production. Distilling bourbon any higher than this could strip away essential flavors, resulting in a product that does not conform to the regulations and standards for bourbon.

The regulations governing bourbon, as defined by the U.S. Federal Standards of Identity for Distilled Spirits, specify that the spirit must be distilled from a grain mixture that is at least 51% corn and aged in new charred oak barrels. By maintaining the distillation proof at or below 160 proof, the resulting spirit can better preserve the rich flavors imparted by the corn and the aging process in charred oak barrels, which are both critical aspects of the bourbon's identity.