What is the term for the first distillation of a liquid?

The term "wash distillation" refers to the first distillation of a liquid, particularly in the context of distilling beverages like whiskey. During this initial distillation process, the wash, which is a fermented liquid containing alcohol and other compounds, undergoes heating in a still. The heat causes the alcohol to vaporize, and as it rises, it separates from the heavier components in the mixture.

This step is crucial because it concentrates the alcohol and helps separate it from impurities or unwanted flavors. The output from this first distillation is typically referred to as "low wines," which is a term used to describe the liquid that contains a lower alcohol content compared to the final product. Understanding wash distillation is vital for anyone studying distillation processes, particularly for those involved in spirit production, as it lays the foundation for subsequent distillations and influences the flavor profile of the final spirit.